KRAS and lung carcinoma: A large number of somatic and germinal mutations (EGFR (20%), TP53 (54.6–64.6%), KRAS (43.7%), BRAF (3.2%), ERBB2 (1.3%), MET (9.4%), STK11 (16.2%), and PIK3CA (9−12.4%)), gene amplifications (EGFR, ERBB2, MET (17.68%), PIK3CA, and NKX2), deletions (DOK2), rearrangements (ALK (13.3%), ROS1 (3.9%), and RET (5.2%)), and fusions (ALK/EML4) [31], which increase the risk of developing lung cancer in certain populations, have been identified but have not led to the development of effective treatments since global mortality rates have not significantly decreased [9].