IL1B and ischemia: In the large phase III clinical CANTOS trial (Canakinumab Anti-Inflammatory Thrombosis Outcomes Study) including 10 061 patients worldwide, strategies aimed to block IL-1β action decreased the recurrence of ischemia in patients already affected by acute myocardial infarction, while in phase II clinical VCUART trials (Virginia Commonwealth University Anakinra Remodeling Trials), anakinra was significantly associated with lower incidence of new cases of heart failure (HF) and of HF hospitalization.