TNF and Abdominal obesity: Abdominal obesity is related to the excess accumulation of visceral fat that significantly contributes to systemic inflammation by producing large amounts of inflammatory adipokines such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), hs-crp, interferon gamma (IFNΎ), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin 1 beta (IL1β) and many others [30].