In addition, in 2017, Driver and colleagues used a collection of health deficits as markers of frailty, such as albumin < 3.5 mg/dL, hemoglobin (Hb) < 10 mg/dL, body mass index (BMI) < 20 kg/mq, unintentional weight loss, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG) ≥ 2, history of osteopenia or osteoporosis, and the Charlson comorbidity index, to evaluate frailty on a dichotomous scale (i.e., non-frail: no deficits; frail: at least one out of seven considered deficits). The gene discussed is ALB; the disease is Osteopenia.