The concentration of MGO metabolites has been increased several-fold in both insulin-dependent and non-insulin-dependent diabetes; however, there were differences between those two types of diabetes in respect to the glyoxalase system enzymes: while Glo1 activity has been upregulated in both types of diabetes, Glo2 exhibited elevation in non-insulin-dependent diabetes only [10]. The gene discussed is GLO1; the disease is diabetes mellitus.