Several anti-TGF β1 therapies are being tested in clinical trials: anti-TGF monoclonal antibody GC1008 in relapsed malignant pleural mesothelioma (NCT01112293), chemotherapy combination with TGF-β blockade drug NIS793 in metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (NCT04935359), hybrid PD-L1/TGF-β bifunctional protein acting as a neutralizing trap for TGF-βRII in advanced stage ovarian cancer (NCT05145569), and radiotherapy in combination with the TGF-β inhibitor LY2157299 in metastatic breast cancer (NCT02538471). The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is ovarian cancer.