TP53 and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: They found that among individuals carrying p53 rs1042522 Arg/Arg or Arg/Pro and HPV-16 seropositivity, ESCC risk increased more than nine times, compared to individuals HPV-16 seronegative and carrying the Pro/Pro genotype, and that risk increased to 27 and 13 times among smokers and drinkers, respectively [9].