SMAD3 and asthma: Highly induced genes were SERPINB4, TGM1, PLAT, and ATP6V1C2. Among these genes, 1058 were upregulated including asthma genes such as IL4R, SMAD3, IL33, MUC5AC, and IL1RL1. Two of the top five terms identified in network analysis (Additional file 1: Table S8) were the interleukin-33-mediated signaling pathway and negative regulation of T-helper 1 type immune response.