So far, several factors like TGF-β [54], HIF-1 [55], oxidative stress [56], as well as intracellular FOXP3 protein [57] have been reported to promote CD39 expression, while we did not find increased CD39 mRNA expression in NSCLC cell pre-conditioned T cells, suggesting that increased CD39 protein was not due to the elevated CD39 gene transcription or RNA stability. Here, ENTPD1 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.