TFF2 and cancer: Other genes with increases in transcript counts include the spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia marker Tff2 (45); the hormone Gast, elevated levels of which are associated with gastric carcinogenesis (46, 47); and the intermediate filament protein Krt7, increased levels of which are reported to be a negative prognostic marker in multiple cancer types (Fig. 3A and C; Table S3) (48, 49).