The use of nanoparticles for efficient delivery and controlled release of oligonucleotide therapeutics to tumor site can reduce high therapeutic dosage requirement, resulting in minimum systemic and cellular toxicity [423]In a study by Shabana M. et al., complexation of miR-603 with PEI (polyethyleneimine) encapsulated in liposomes enhanced the radiation sensitivity of GBM stem like cells derived from patients by downregulating the IGF1 (insulin-like growth factor 1) signaling. The gene discussed is IGF1; the disease is glioblastoma.