In AD patients and prion disease, miR-146b-5p was significantly upregulated in neocortex and hippocampus compared with the control group and interacted with the mRNA of AD, possibly by combining with the NF-κB site, initiating the occurrence of inflammatory signals, causing inflammatory reaction, causing abnormal protein accumulation, and leading to progressive aggravation of neurodegenerative disease [191]. This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and prion disease.