The transcriptional expression levels of HOXC13 in different PCa cell lines were observed using THE HUMAN PROTEIN ATLAS (https://www.proteinatlas.org/), and combined with protein expression validation (Additional file 2: Fig. S2A and B), the 22RV1 (HOXC13+/AR+) and DU145 (HOXC13+/AR−) cell lines were finally selected for subsequent experiments. This evidence concerns the gene AR and posterior cortical atrophy.