Among them, the AUC value of the SIRS prediction model was 0.83 (Fig. 4B), and the AUC values of other models including a single clinical characteristic were smaller than SIRS prediction model (CRP = 0.511, Fever = 0.642, DBIL = 0.564, Obstruction = 0.611, Bile properties = 0.589, PCT = 0.567, Length = 0.552, Width = 0.565, Volume factor = 0.555). Here, CRP is linked to systemic inflammatory response syndrome.