In univariate logistic regression analysis, a total of 11 factors (containing age ≥ 65 years, height, SBP, DBP, cerebrovascular accident, CKD, preoperative hemoglobin, C-reactive protein (CRP), B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), eGFR, and left main disease) were detected statistically associated with the incidence of severe CAS. Here, NPPB is linked to chronic kidney disease.