To support our observation that PD-1-responsive, IL-2-producing CD4 T cells may predict outcomes in patients with CHB, we adapted an approach that predicts overall survival in patients with cancer receiving α-PD1 therapy.36 The IFN-I response capacity (IRC) assay measures the induction of ISPs in total effector CD4 T cells following overnight exposure to IFN-β. Here, CD4 is linked to cancer.