IL17A and multiple sclerosis: Bifidobacterium in combination with Lactobacillus or as part of a larger cocktail (B. bifidum, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus reuteni, and Streptococcus thermophilus) prevents the progression of EAE in mice.57,58 EAE and multiple sclerosis share many clinical and pathological features, with pathogenesis dependent on IL-17-producing T cells.58 Probiotic-treated EAE mice show reduced central nervous system inflammation with limited neuronal demyelination.