It remains to be seen if IL11 plays a role in the pathogenesis of other rare human diseases, but genetic diseases characterised by increased TGFβ (e.g. Loeys–Dietz syndrome) or mTOR (e.g. tuberous sclerosis) activity may be considered, as may syndromes that activate ROS (e.g. motor neuron disease) or are defined by fibrosis (e.g. cystic fibrosis) or EMT. The gene discussed is IL11; the disease is hereditary disease.