SAT1 and acute kidney injury: Inhibition or ablation of SMOX and SAT1, as well as neutralization of metabolic products (such as H2O2 and reactive aldehydes), can reduce oxidative stress, inflammation/innate immune responses, and endoplasmic reticulum stress/unfolded protein response, thereby ameliorating renal tubular injury induced by endotoxins, I/R, and cisplatin-induced AKI (Zahedi et al., 2010; Zahedi et al., 2017).