In the comparison between the groups studied, the treatment-naive leprosy patients (n = 64) had higher PTX3 levels (in ng/mL) when compared to household contacts and blood donors (median, patients: 1.2 ng/mL, contacts: 0.8 ng/mL, blood donors: 0.9 ng/mL; leprosy versus contacts, p = 0.003; leprosy versus blood donors, p = 0.04) (Fig. 1). This evidence concerns the gene PTX3 and leprosy.