The PRS was evaluated using two definitions of aggressive PCa, firstly Chen et al., 2023’s definition: ISUP 4-5 or PSA ≥ 20 ng/ml, which grouped our samples into N = 101 aggressive and N = 11 non-aggressive (one sample with missing PSA and ISUP excluded); and our definition: ISUP 3-5, grouping our samples into N = 87 aggressive and N = 18 non-aggressive (eight samples with missing ISUP excluded) (Fig. 2). The gene discussed is KLK3; the disease is posterior cortical atrophy.