M2 activation presentsa promising avenue for anticancer therapy due to its potential tomodulate the immune response, target tumor-associated macrophages,facilitate tissue remodelling and angiogenesis, and promote antitumorimmunity via programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed celldeath ligand 1 (PD-L1) interaction within the tumor microenvironment.70 It is important to note that exploiting M2 activationin anticancer therapy requires careful consideration and control toavoid potential drawbacks, such as excessive immunosuppression orincrease of tumor-promoting processes. This evidence concerns the gene PDCD1 and neoplasm.