CFTR and cystic fibrosis: For a full description on the pathophysiology of CF, see the review by Shteinberg and collegaues.2 Such limited or absent CFTR functionality contributes to creating conditions for commensal, environmental and pathogenic bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, to colonize, survive and persist, potentially leading to chronic infection.3 As a result, people with CF (PwCF) are particularly vulnerable to lung infections, which are responsible for increased morbidity and mortality.