Hederagonic inhibited the proliferation of KFs at a concentration of 50 nM, reduced the expression of TGF-β1-induced α-SMA and the production of type I procollagen, and decreased the migration of KF cells (103); compounds such as oleanolic acid (104), glycyrrhiza glabra (105), and loureirin A (106) were also found to regulate the proliferation and extracellular matrix deposition of keloid KFs by mediating the TGF-β1/Smad1 signaling pathway, with therapeutic potential for keloids. Here, SMAD1 is linked to keloid.