P4HB and colorectal carcinoma: Curcumin triggered apoptosis and G0/G1 cycle arrest by heightening intracellular calcium levels in CRC LoVo and HT-29 cells, while curcumin and/or irinotecan produced ROS and elevated the expression levels of ERS-related proteins BIP, PDI and CHOP to activate the apoptotic pathway of the endoplasmic reticulum, which large amounts of ROS can further activate; thus, curcumin improved the ability of irinotecan to facilitate apoptosis in CRC cells by producing ROS and activating the ERS pathway (Huang et al., 2017).