ATF4 and neoplasm: Ginsenoside Rg3 stimulated the ERS-mediated PERK pathway, leading to the increased phosphorylation of eIF2α, ATF4, CHOP, and Lipocalin 2 in GBC-SD gallbladder cancer cells and transplanted tumor-bearing mice; this activation also induced ROS production and significantly upregulated the expression of lincRNA-p21, which suggested that Rg3 suppressed propagation and enhanced apoptosis by promoting the apoptotic signaling pathway mediated by ERS (Wu et al., 2018).