ERN1 and neoplasm: The application of sinomenine hydrochloride at concentrations of 0.125 and 0.25 mM to human glioblastoma U87 and SF767 cells, respectively, led to a rise in the cytoplasmic levels of free Ca2+ and upregulated the expression of GRP78, PERK, IRE1, and CHOP; additionally, it suppressed the mesenchymal markers vimentin, Snail, and Slug, indicating that sinomenine hydrochloride reduces the invasive capacity of tumor cells by activating ERS and reversing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) (Jiang et al., 2018).