DDIT3 and breast cancer: ERS is actively expressed in breast cancer cells and is involved in the initiation of NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3), and 10 μM peiminine markedly reduces the expression levels of PERK, eIF2α and CHOP in breast cancer MCF-7 cells, suggesting that ERS is inhibited while blocking the activation of NOD-like receptor pyrindomain-containing protein3 (NLRP3) inflammatory vesicles, thereby inhibiting cell growth and inducing apoptosis (Sun et al., 2023).