BCL2 and gastric cancer: In AGS gastric cancer cells, curcumin initiated ERS and enhanced the activation of the CHOP and Jnk pathways; moreover, curcumin increased the Ca2+ concentration in cells, stimulated the release of mitochondrial Cyt C, and caused apoptosis by downregulating MMP and Bcl-2 expression in cells; the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was 21.9 ± 0.1 μM in AGS cell lines (Cao et al., 2013).