ERN1 and lung cancer: Arisema heterophyllum Blume (AHA) curbed the propagation of lung cancer A549 cells, caused cell cycle arrest in the G1 period, and affected apoptosis by restraining the PI3K/Akt pathway and inducing ERS through the mechanism of enhancement of Bax, reduction of Bcl-2, and initiation of caspase-9/3; additionally, AHA elevated the levels of p-eIF2α, CHOP, IRE1α and p-JNK to promote ERS, and increased LC3-II and Autophagy Related Protein 7 (ATG7) expression to induce autophagy (Feng et al., 2016).