ATF3 and Hyperglycemia: Altogether, BM-MSCs could ameliorate beta cell apoptosis in a molecular pathway (ATF3+/P21-/FAS-/FAS L -/BAX -/caspase-3-/P53-/BCL2+) or (insulin+/hyperglycemia-/redox-/ER stress-/inflammatory cytokines-/FAS-/FAS L -/BAX -/caspase-3-/P53-/BCL2+).