ALB and Hypoalbuminemia: In accordance with previous studies (Fang et al. 2021) (El-Lakkany et al. 2012), the untreated S. mansoni infected mice showed an elevation in serum levels of liver enzymes reflecting the loss of hepatocyte integrity, whereas the detected hypoalbuminemia could be the result of decreased albumin synthesis from damaged hepatocytes or due to decreased absorption from damaged intestinal mucosa (Al Humayed et al. 2020; El-Lakkany et al. 2012).