We also included 308 NSCLC patients without any types of ATM/ATR variants (denoted as “PIKK-wild type/WT”), and all 499 patients were grouped as a study cohort and their baseline tumor samples underwent broad-panel NGS of 425 cancer-relevant genes to obtain their mutational profile, tumor mutational burden (TMB), copy-number variation (CNV), CIS, and microsatellite instability (MSI) status (Additional file 1: Fig S1). Here, ATM is linked to cancer.