ELISA assay results indicated a significant rise in pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-33 and IL-1α) in the COPD model group compared to the normal group (Fig. 1B).Additionally, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid analysis showed a significant increase in three types of inflammatory cells, including neutrophils, lymphocytes, and macrophages, in the COPD model compared to the normal group (Fig. 1C). Here, IL33 is linked to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.