IDH1 and astrocytoma (excluding glioblastoma): The final set of variables used for prediction consisted of age, sex, education, tumor size, tumor location (tumor overlap with the 4 lobes separately for each side), lateralization (left vs right), tumor grade (low vs high), histopathological diagnosis (oligodendroglioma, astrocytoma, or glioblastoma), IDH mutation status, presenting symptoms (behavioral/cognitive problems, language problems, motor deficits, and headache), corticosteroid use, use of an AED or loss of consciousness, presence of comorbidity, ASA score (ASA I vs ASA II + ASA III), and the combined anxiety and depression score.