ATXN3 and thyroid gland undifferentiated (anaplastic) carcinoma: ATXN3 has been reported to play an important role in the development and progression of multiple types of cancers, including breast cancer (53, 54), anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (55), testicular cancer, and non–small cell lung adenocarcinoma (56, 57), in a tumor cell–intrinsic manner.