SLC5A2 and cardiac hypertrophy: Activation of proinflammatory macrophages, which are characterized by abundant expression of inflammatory markers, is a key event in the middle stage of cardiac hypertrophy; inhibition of macrophage activation by dapagliflozin, which a sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, in clinical trials for patients with HF as well as by TD139 and arglabin, which are two novel anti-inflammatory agents that are used to treat cardiac diseases, preserves cardiac function and attenuates fibrosis [41].