The latest research suggested that miR-18b-5p, which was produced by follicular fluid-derived exosomes, reduces PTEN expression and promotes the activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway to improve polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) development [46], and Eman Thabet et al. [47] found that extracellular vesicles miRNA-21 promoted ovarian restoration by modulating PTEN and caspase 3 apoptotic pathways. The gene discussed is PTEN; the disease is polycystic ovary syndrome.