Therefore, converging with previous studies on the implication of ISGylation or RBM47 in lung cancer [12, 23, 26, 71], it is plausible to propose that RBM47-ISGylation exerts tumor suppressor functions through its pleiotropic effects in activating antitumor immunity within the pulmonary microenvironment. The gene discussed is RBM47; the disease is lung carcinoma.