Moreover, evidence has been presented for the role of checkpoint control in TB, e.g. through interactions between programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and ligand for PD-1 (PDL-1) or between T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3) and ligand of TIM-3 (TIM-3L) (114, 115). Here, PDCD1 is linked to tuberculosis.