The results showed that CD28, ICOS, CD25, and CD73 were positively correlated with the expression of critical genes, and VISTA and CD267 were negatively correlated with the expression of crucial genes; in other words, the negatively correlated factors were associated with poor prognosis in IPF (Figure 11J). Here, TNFRSF13B is linked to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.