TNF and colitis: In one report, minocycline treatment significantly reduced colitis severity in the TNBS model by reducing the colonic expression levels of molecules involved in the inflammatory process such as TNF-α, IL-1β, iNOS, IL-17, IL-6, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-1 (CINC-1), and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) (Garrido-Mesa et al., 2013b).