PER3 and prostate carcinoma: Related orphan receptor α1 is a transcription factor known to be involved in regulating circadian rhythms,59 metabolism,60 and immunity.61 Downregulation of RORα1 hyperactivates proliferative genes including Wnt target genes.46 Interestingly, knockdown of PER3 in prostate cancer stem cells significantly promotes tumorigenic properties and similarly activates Wnt signaling54 (Table 1).