Immunohistochemical analysis was performed in a study and it was found that the sensitivity and specificity of AHNAK2 for identifying severe cystitis with reactive urothelial atypia (RUA) and carcinoma in situ (CIS) were 97% and 69% respectively, 97% and 55% between CIS and low-grade invasive bladder cancer, and 80% and 86% between low-grade and high-grade invasive bladder cancer, suggesting that AHNAK2 may be a valuable pathological diagnostic marker for IHC pathology in bladder lesions (100). Here, AHNAK2 is linked to cancer.