For instance, vitamin D has been found to reduce uptake of acetylated or oxidized LDL and subsequent foam cell formation in macrophages of patients with type 2 diabetes, with deletion of the vitamin D receptor increasing the speed of foam cell formation.48 Moreover, incubation of adipocytes with calcitriol has been shown to upregulate lipoprotein lipase gene expression, which could allow for greater clearance of lipoproteins from the circulation.49 The gene discussed is VDR; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.