TGFB1 and Arrhythmia: An increase in SOD, CAT and GPx activities by the use of quercetine can exert beneficial effects on arrhythmias by affecting ion channels, Ca2+ homeostasis, gap junction, suppressing cardiac fibrosis or inflammation and by inhibition or regulation of critical signaling pathways involved in arrhythmias, such as TGF-β/Smad, NF-κB, and PI3K/AKT (Zhou et al., 2022).