Similar translocation intermediates of APP were observed in mitochondria of transgenic AD mouse models (Anandatheerthavarada et al., 2003) and in postmortem samples of AD brains (Devi et al., 2006), the latter showing stable association of APP with ∼480 kDa complexes containing the TOM machinery and ∼620 kDa complexes containing the TIM23 machinery. The gene discussed is TIMM23; the disease is Alzheimer disease.