NPPB and atrial fibrillation: In addition, peakVO2 at baseline had a relatively maintained exercise capacity with a mean of approximately 15 ml/min/kg, and no data were presented on comorbidities that may affect exercise training efficacy, such as increased brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels, the prevalence of sarcopenia, anemia, atrial fibrillation (AF), and chronotropic incompetence.