INS and familial dilated cardiomyopathy: In this study, databases (Pubmed, Web of Science and CNKI) were searched and a total of about 80 articles on research involving ERS mechanisms in DCM were found and finally summarized: ERS may be involved in the pathogenesis of DCM by affecting myocardial fibrosis, myocardial hypertrophy, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, myocardial insulin resistance, and disturbance of intracellular calcium regulation (as shown in Figure 2).