NEDD4L mediates the ubiquitination and degradation of β-catenin, NOTCH2, CPNE1, and PD-L1, resulting in their downregulation and thereby inhibiting NSCLC cell proliferation (Zhang R. et al., 2021; Liu et al., 2021; Lin et al., 2022; Zhong et al., 2022). Here, CPNE1 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.