Osteocalcin promotes T cell proliferation and IFNγ production, inhibiting tumor cell growth (Hayashi et al., 2017), and high expression levels of osteocalcin were associated with favorable OS in patients with head and neck carcinoma treated with the anti-PD-L1 antibody durvalumab (Arends et al., 2021). This evidence concerns the gene IFNG and head and neck carcinoma.