INS and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: The chronic overconsumption of foods that are high in carbohydrates and saturated lipids in people with obesity can have a significant impact on cerebral glucose metabolism and functions, affecting insulin secretion, thereafter, being identified as one of the factors underlying the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases (Biessels et al., 2006; de la Monte, 2012).