TGF-β, an EMT-promoting cytokine, can promote cancer progression by instigating EMT directly through the activation of EMT transcription factors.[27] Interestingly, Freire-de-Limaet al. have shown that TGF-β can also induce the up-regulation of a site-specific O-glycosylation in the IIICS (type III connecting segment) domain of human oncofetal fibronectin, which is one of the core components of the extracellular matrix expressed by cancer cells as well as in embryonic tissues.[28]. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is cancer.