A recent case–control and intervention study showed that after 12 weeks of anthocyanin capsules (320 mg per day) or placebo, the mRNA expression of NLRP3 inflammasome components in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and the plasma levels of IL-1β and IL-18 were significantly reduced in NAFLD patients in the intervention group compared with the control group (29). Here, IL1B is linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.