Kumar et al. [16] also demonstrated that S. gallolyticus subsp gallolyticus enhanced cellular proliferation by upregulating beta-catenin, a pivotal molecule in colon tumorigenesis [63], while Oehmcke-Hecht et al. [64] found that S. gallolyticus subsp gallolyticus degraded tannic acid, which is a substance known to have cytotoxic effects against colorectal cancer cells [65]. Here, CTNNB1 is linked to colorectal cancer.